In the context of the escalating epidemic of chronic diseases among Indigenous Australians, it is vital that we reduce risk as early as possible in the life course of an individual. Challenges as a health care provider for this high risk population include addressing the social determinants of health, psycho-social stressors, and issues of remoteness. We have developed a partnership between researchers, health care providers and policy organisations in the Northern Territory (NT), to address the issue of diabetes in pregnancy in the high-risk population of the NT. The partnership includes a detailed research component: Pregnancy And Neonatal Diabetes Outcomes from Remote Australia – The PANDORA Study. The aims of the PANDORA Study are to: (i) accurately assess rates of diabetes in pregnancy in the Northern Territory of Australia (where 38% of babies are born to Indigenous mothers); (ii) assess demographic, clinical, biochemical, anthropometric and socioeconomic factors that may contribute to key maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with diabetes in pregnancy in the NT; and (iii) monitor relevant clinical outcomes for both the mothers and their babies. Eligible participants are all NT women with diabetes in pregnancy aged 16 years and over. Information collected includes: standard antenatal clinical information (diagnosis and management of diabetes in pregnancy), socio-economic questionnaire, standard clinical birth information (delivery, gestational age, adverse outcomes). Cord blood is collected at the time of delivery and detailed neonatal anthropometric measurements performed within 72 hours of birth. Information will be collected regarding maternal follow-up (breastfeeding, glucose tolerance test, cardio-metabolic risk factors) and growth of the baby up to 2 years post-partum. This study will accurately document rates and outcomes of diabetes in pregnancy in the NT of Australia, including the high-risk Indigenous Australian population.